Sociology Quiz 25

1 / 50

Social norms are_____________?

religious beliefs about how the world ought to be

creative activities such as gardening cookery and craftwork

rules and expectation about interaction that regulate social life

the symbolic representation of social groups in the mass media

2 / 50

Which term describes societies where the family name and the inheritance of property passes down the male line ?

homolineal

matrilineal

patrilineal

androlineal

3 / 50

The of ?who defines deviance? has principally been addressed by what sociological theory ?

Social Control

Positivism

Conflict

Differential Association

4 / 50

In comparison with industrial cities preindustrial cities had_____________?

all of the above

extensive social mobility

relatively open class systems

a much more rigid division of labor by gender

5 / 50

Totalitarianism ?

is a state in which the government is concerned with satisfying the needs of the total person?

can incorporate only in a socialist society

is the authoritative formulation of policies that are binding and pervasive throughout the society?

is a state in which the government seeks to control all subordinate governmental units all institutions and even personal associations and individual families

6 / 50

The first stage of the demographic transition is called the_____________?

transition stage

initiation stage

post transition stage initiation stage

pretransition stage

7 / 50

The rate of rate of return or a mailed naire is usually_____________?

it can be both A and C

very low

very high

None of these

8 / 50

The conscious and rational part of the self is______________?

Superego

ego

None of these

9 / 50

Jean Piaget found that although newborns have no self in the sense of a looking glass image they are quiet ?

self-centered

other-directed

ethnocentric

deterministic

10 / 50

Agriculture and horticulture was developed in______________?

East Asia

Fertile crescent Region of Middle East

Central and South America

Southeast Asia

11 / 50

Rate of mobility in modern societies is determined by (1) structural factor and (2) ?

Individual factors

Class factor

Social factors

None of these

12 / 50

Which of the following is not recognized as a level of society ?

the nation states

the household

the global village

the office

13 / 50

Polygyny______________?

is the preferred type of marriage in more than 40 per cent of societies?

is generally available to all men in societies where it is permitted

usually involves the right of younger brothers to have sexual access to their brothers? wives

tend to be favored where large families are advantageous and women make substantial contributions to subsistence

14 / 50

In order for a deviant act to be considered a crime______________?

the state must undertake a political process of criminalizing it

it must be committed by someone labelled a criminal

the majority of the population must consider the act criminal

it must involve the violation of a person or property

15 / 50

Sociology can be considered a social science because________________?

sociologists collect data in a relatively objective and systematic way

its theories are logical explicit and supported by empirical evidence

all of the above

ideas and research findings are scrutinized by other sociologists

16 / 50

Karl Marx emphasized ____________ as a major factor in shaping social life ?

geography

economics

communism

psychology

17 / 50

Punjabi and Sindhi cultures are_________________?

Counter Cultures

Subcultures

None of these

Relative Cultures

18 / 50

The four ideal types of social action that Weber identified were as follows instrumentally-rational value-rational traditional and____________?

effective

infected

affectual

affective

19 / 50

Changes in the social structure of a society is called_______________?

Social Change

Cultural Change

Structural Change

None of these

20 / 50

Which of the following positions is NOT associated with the hyper globalizers ?

individual countries no longer control their own economies

globalization needs to happen much more quickly

regional institutions are becoming as powerful as nation-states

citizens lose faith in existing systems of governance

21 / 50

?Underclass ?refers to____________?

the persistently poor who exist mainly because of a sharp climb in joblessness due to a redistribution of jobs in the inner city

the poor who are concentrated in isolated rural areas

individuals who experience occasional poverty but who move back into the ?mainstream? of economic life within 12 months

both b and c

22 / 50

It is useful to have a diversity of theories in sociology because_________________?

sociologists can choose the theory that best fits the data they have collected

it removes the need to assess a theory according the empirical evidence

innumerable theories have been developed in the many fields of sociology

human behavior is so complicated that no single theory would be adequate

23 / 50

The Functionalist view on social change sees development and modernization both________________?

slow and adaptive

humanistic and rational

responsive but counterproductive

necessary and functional

24 / 50

Which of these is not an example of a qualitative research method ?

ethnography

survey research

focus groups

biographical research

25 / 50

The purpose of a reference group is to serve a (n)_________________?

comparison function by serving as a standard against which people can measure themselves and others

both a and b

elimination function by dissolving groups that no longer have a social purpose

normative function by enforcing standards of conduct and belief

26 / 50

Which of the following is NOT one of the properties of a minority group ?

oppression at the hands of a dominant group

racial or cultural self-consciousness

hereditary membership

a high degree of marriage outside of the group (exogamy)

27 / 50

Sociological studies of colonialism suggest that____________?

colonialism has largely disappeared

colonialism was inevitable and necessary for human civilization

colonialism is perpetuated to this day by practices known as neo-colonialism

colonialism was for the most part beneficial for poor uncivilized countries

28 / 50

A group with which we identify and to which we belong is called a(n) ?

in-group

relationship

secondary group

reference group

29 / 50

According to Davis (1995) women may seek cosmetic surgery because_____________?

they perceive a part of their body as stigmatizing in relation to a cultural ideal

they are in pursuit of the perfect body fueled by images of beauty

they have a deep-rooted sense of ineffectiveness and are striving for control

their male partners pressurize them to look like supermodels

30 / 50

Occupational gender segregation is used to explain ?

relations between men and women in the workplace

women?s increasing labor market participation

the allocation of men and women to different types of job

the belief that women control the private sphere

31 / 50

Karl Marx held that a social movement-the revolt of the proletariat -would help workers overcome feelings of_______________?

socialist consciousness

false consciousness

class consciousness

surplus value

32 / 50

The third age of the life course is said to involve ?

full time employment family-building and adult responsibility

active non-work and independence after retirement

illness isolation and increasing dependence on others

the transition from education to work and distinctive youth cultures

33 / 50

The Maasai of Kenya is an example of_______________?

None of these

Pastoralist society

Agrarian society

Hunter gatherer society

34 / 50

Nineteenth-century theories of social change reflect the pioneering work in biological evolution done by____________?

Charles Darwin

Benjamin Franklin

Albert Einstein

Harriet Martineau

35 / 50

Sociologist Alvin Goldner sees Erving Goffman?s work on social behavior as implicitly reaffirming the status quo especially social class inequalities Gouldner,s critique is associated with the_____________?

psychoanalytic perspective

interactionist perspective

conflict perspective

functionalist perspective

36 / 50

A social condition in which values are conflicting weak or absent is called____________?

Assimilation

Hawthorne affect

anomie

invasion

37 / 50

In 50s and 60s the national affairs of the country were controlled by_____________?

Industrialist

Feudal

None of these

Intelligentsia

38 / 50

Louis Wirth argued that a relatively large and permanent settlement leads to distinctive patterns of behavior which he called_______________?

urbanism

gentrification

squatting

linear development

39 / 50

Judicial decisions are a part of_____________?

American constitution

British constitution

Convention

None of them

40 / 50

In the United States we often formalize norms into_____________?

values

folkways

laws

41 / 50

A country becomes over populated when_____________?

Its resources fail to cope with its requirement

Both of these

None of these

Its population exceeds set limit

42 / 50

The first stage, according to Comte was_______________?

None of these

Theological

Metaphysical

Scientific stage

43 / 50

Which of these statements best represents Wright-Mills,s idea of the sociological imagination ?

bringing together private troubles and public issues

avoiding explanations based on individual psychology

seeing the social world as one made up of Social facts

understanding the differences between the classical theorists

44 / 50

In participant observation research the role of the ?complete? participant forces the researcher to be_______________?

close to the leadership of the group that he/she is studying

discreet about his/her research

with the group for months and sometimes years

open and honest about his/her intentions

45 / 50

Which of the following is true regarding the functionalist and conflict theories of social stratification ?

none of the above

Some sociologists have tried to synthesize the conflict and functionalist perspectives to argue that stratification systems are institutions that have evolved in order to reduce conflict

Conflict theory is better at explaining inequality

Only functionalist theory has merit when discussing social structure

46 / 50

Symbolic racism_____________?

is the same as traditional racial prejudice

has no impact on whites racial policy attitudes

can also be termed racial reconciliation

is a reflection of whites concern that further reductions in racial inequality will result in loss of the special status that whites in the United States have enjoyed over the years

47 / 50

Which of the following vehicles emits the most carbon per passenger per kilometer ?

high-speed coal-fired train

high-occupancy city bus

long-haul aero plane

single-occupancy light truck

48 / 50

Characteristics of Scientific observation are____________?

Systematic and recorded

Accuracy

Precision and objectivity

All of the above

49 / 50

Freud saw self and society in basic conflict not in harmony He named this self as_________________?

None of these

looking glass self

Antisocial self

Generalized other

50 / 50

Which term describes families in which at least one adult has children from a previous marriage or relationship ?

horizontal families

beanpole families

cohabiting families

reconstituted families

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